The Five Main Types of Gynecologic Cancers and How They’re Treated
March 3, 2025 5:19 pm
When thinking about the main types of gynecologic cancers, the most important factor for women is to “know your normal.” Signs and symptoms can be different for each woman, so if you are aware of what is normal for you, it will be easier to spot any changes and catch problems early. With that thought in mind let’s discuss the five main types of gynecologic cancers and how they are treated.
What Women Should Know About Gynecologic Cancers
Let’s begin by enumerating some basic facts:
- Gynecologic cancers are those that start in a woman’s reproductive organs.
- Each cancer is unique with different symptoms, different risk factors, and different prevention strategies.
- Risk of these cancers increases with age.
- When discovered early, treatment is more effective.
What Are the Forms of Gynecologic Cancer?
The five types include:
- Cervical Cancer
- Ovarian Cancer
- Uterine or Endometrial Cancer
- Vaginal Cancer
- Vulvar Cancer
Fallopian tube cancer is a sixth, but is very rare
Signs of Gynecologic Cancer
Although bleeding and abdominal pain are common symptoms, different signs can be associated with the following cancers. Visit a medical professional if you notice any of these symptoms and those below.
Uterine or Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial or uterine cancer is often found early due to abnormal bleeding.
Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer usually has no signs or symptoms until it becomes more advanced. At that point, a woman may have a watery and bloody discharge with a foul smell and bleeding after menopause, between periods, and after intercourse.
Ovarian Cancer
It is rare for ovaries to cause symptoms. When it does become advanced, it may only show up as common benign issues, so therefore ignored. Once it spreads to the pelvis or abdomen, it becomes more difficult to successfully treat.
Vaginal Cancer
Vaginal cancer begins in the lining of the vagina, however it usually has spread from somewhere else. There may be no symptoms of vaginal cancer at first. As the cancer grows, signs include a discharge, abnormal bleeding, painful and frequent urination, pelvis pain, and constipation.
Vulvar Cancer
Vulvar cancer appears on the outside of the female genitalia. The cancer will show up as a lump or sore that causes itching. It usually affects older females.
The Value of Specialized Treatment
The OBGYNs at Mid-City OB-GYN focus on individualized treatments looking at if and how far the cancer has spread and if the patient can still have children before we recommend a treatment.
For a cancer that has spread and is advanced, surgery may be best.
Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be recommended to prevent the cancers from spreading. With advanced diagnostic tools and minimally invasive procedures, we strive to make each cancer patient’s treatment be targeted and tailored just for them.
Finding and treating cancer in its earliest stage provides the best opportunity for a successful treatment.
Gynecologic Cancer Specialists in Omaha, NE
Contact the experienced specialists at Mid-City OB-GYN at (402) 397-6600 to schedule an evaluation if you are experiencing any of the symptoms related to gynecologic cancers or would like a second opinion.
Sources:
Gynecologic Cancers > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine
The 5 Most Common Gynecologic Cancers: What Is Your Risk? | Karmanos News